Equipment Introduction

The chain crusher is one of the most commonly used crushing equipment in the compound fertilizer industry, belonging to the impact crusher category. It employs high-strength, wear-resistant hard alloy chains and hammers rotating at synchronous speeds. The high-speed rotating chain repeatedly impacts, squeezes, and grinds the material, crushing lumpy materials into fine powder or small particles.

This equipment is highly adaptable to materials with high moisture content, is not prone to clogging, and ensures smooth feeding. It can crush undried phosphate fertilizers containing water and free acid, as well as various compound fertilizer products, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional crushers that are prone to sticking to the walls and clogging.

Equipment Structure

The chain crusher mainly consists of the following components:

Structural Features: Horizontal double rotor design, with the rotors enclosed within the machine body; easy cleaning can be achieved by opening the side covers; vibration dampers are installed at the bottom of the base to reduce operating vibration and noise.

Working Principle of the Equipment

The chain crusher adopts the “impact-type” crushing principle:

1. Material Input: The material enters the high-speed rotating crushing chamber through the upper feed inlet.
2. Initial Impact: During its descent, the material first violently impacts the wear-resistant chain rotating at synchronous speed.
3. Rebound Crushing: After being impacted, the material gains kinetic energy and rushes at high speed against the inner wall of the machine casing. After rebounding, it bounces back and undergoes secondary or even multiple impacts with the chain or hammers.
4. Compression Crushing: During the high-frequency impact and mutual compression between materials, the material is rapidly crushed into powder or fine particles, which are discharged from the bottom.

Raw Material Requirements for the Equipment

The chain crusher can process the following types of raw materials:

Feed Requirements:

1. Maximum feed particle size: ≤60mm (Huaqiang LP series)
2. Particle size after crushing: <0.7mm (can reach below 3mm, adjustable by increasing or decreasing the number of chains; when the chain is full, it can crush to below 1mm)
3. Material moisture content: Can adapt to higher moisture content (some models can reach 50%), less prone to clogging.

Equipment operation and maintenance methods

Application of the Equipment in the Production Line

1. In a fertilizer production line, the chain crusher is typically located in the following process stages:

Raw material storage → Batching and metering → Chain crusher → Mixing and stirring → Granulation → Drying → Cooling → Screening → Packaging

2. Core Functions:

1) Raw material pretreatment: Crushing large pieces of fertilizer raw materials (such as superphosphate and heavy calcium carbonate blocks) to the fineness required for granulation;

2) Return material crushing: Re-crushing large particles after screening for recycling;

3) Shortening the process: Directly processing undried, moisture-containing materials, eliminating the pre-drying step;

4) Protecting downstream equipment: Preventing large pieces of material from entering the granulator and causing equipment damage.

Target Users of the Equipment

Chain crushers are primarily intended for the following user groups:

1. Compound fertilizer/blended fertilizer manufacturers: processing granular compound fertilizers, superphosphate, heavy calcium carbonate, phosphate fertilizers, and other lumpy raw materials and returned materials;
2. Organic fertilizer manufacturers: crushing fermented lumpy organic materials;
3. Phosphate fertilizer/chemical fertilizer raw material processing plants: processing phosphate fertilizer raw materials containing water and free acids;
4. Chemical enterprises: crushing medium-hardness lumpy chemical raw materials;
5. Building materials and mining enterprises: processing ores, coal lumps, and other medium-hardness materials;
6. Environmental treatment enterprises: crushing and processing organic waste from waste and sewage treatment plants.

Common problems and solutions