During organic fertilizer production process, ventilation directly affects the growth of aerobic fermentation microorganisms, the increase in compost temperature, the killing of pathogens and the decomposition of organic matter, which ultimately affects the quality of organic fertilizer products.
During the fermentation of organic materials, sufficient oxygen supply can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, shorten the fermentation time, accelerate the rate of temperature rise in the early stage of fermentation, and reduce the generation of odorous gases.
Aerobic fermentation of organic matter is a very complex biochemical reaction process. The role of ventilation at different stages is different. Ventilation at the initial stage of fermentation is mainly to provide oxygen, in the middle stage it is mainly to supply oxygen and dissipate heat, and in the later stage it is mainly to reduce the moisture content of organic fertilizer.
Therefore, in organic fertilizer production process, insufficient ventilation oxygen supply inhibits the growth of microorganisms and the rise in temperature; but excessive ventilation will lead to excessive heat loss, resulting in difficulty in temperature rise and insufficient moisture. In general, the ventilation method requires an oxygen concentration of 5%-15% as the control target of the composting process.

The main ventilation methods are single mechanical turning, forced ventilation combined with mechanical turning, and single forced ventilation. Studies have shown that the combination of forced ventilation and mechanical compost turning machines is the best ventilation method, which can accelerate the temperature rise of compost, promote the decomposition and transformation of microorganisms, and thus accelerate the maturity of compost.
Therefore, in organic fertilizer production process, a ventilation slot with a width of 20cm and a depth of 10cm can be opened in the center of the compost strip, with a ventilation volume of 0.3m³/min, and a compost turning machine is used regularly for compost turning. There are many types of compost turning machines, including trough-type compost turning machines, chain plate compost turning machines, wheel compost turning machines, forklift compost turning machines, etc.